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FOOD
AT CHRISTMAS, HIS MOTHER GETS A BREAD OF WAFER
FORM AND MAKEUP -- IT IS SOLD AT THE CHURCH
AND THIS IS SHARED BY THE FAMILY -- PASSING IT AMONG
AND WISHING EACH OTHER LUCK FOR THE COMING YEAR.
Submitter comment:
THIS IS DONE AT INFORMANT'S HOME EVERY YEAR.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT T.V. STUDIO
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 09-24-1970
EXTRA INCOME
IN POLAND AT CHRISTMAS THE CHOIRMASTER BROUGHT THE RECTANGULAR
HOSTS TO EACH FAMILY. HE WAS ALLOWED TO DO THIS AS A WAY OF
SUPPLEMENTING HIS INCOME, WHICH WASN'T MUCH. EACH FAMILY WOULD GIVE
HIM A GIFT WHEN HE BROUGHT THE WAFER.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 00-00-1968
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
AT CHRISTMAS TIME, THE CHURCH ORGANIST OF ST. PETER & PAUL
SELLS A SMALL WAFER CALLED OPLATIKA. THEY ARE SQUARE
AND TASTE LIKE A COMMUNION TYPE HOST. AFTER MIDNIGHT MASS,
THE FAMILIES HAVE A DINNER AT WHICH EVERYONE IN THE FAMILY
BREAKS OFF A PIECE AND EATS IT.
Submitter comment:
[St. Peter & Paul is a] Roman Catholic [church.]
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; informant's home
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM ; ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 11-02-1969
CHRISTMAS DAY
IN POLISH FAMILIES BEFORE EVERYBODY STARTS EATING, THE HEAD OF
THE FAMILY PASSES BREAD AROUND TO EVERYBODY WHICH HAS BEEN BLESSED
BY THE PRIEST OF THEIR CHURCH.
Where learned: UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; RENO HALL
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 11-14-1968
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
EVER SINCE MY PARENTS WERE AWAKENED AT 5 AM ON CHRISTMAS MORNING
YEARS AGO BY ANXIOUS "YOURS TRULY" AND HIS BROTHERS, OUR FAMILY HAS
CELEBRATED CHRISTMAS--THE OPENING, EXCHANGING OF GIFTS--AFTER A LATE
SUPPER CHRISTMAS EVE AND THEN ALL WENT TO BED EARLY CHRISTMAS DAY
MORNING.
Data entry tech comment:
Date contributed and date learned were not recorded. Informant and collector are the same person.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DEARBORN
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Gifts, gift giving at Christmas CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: NOT RECORDED BY THE COLLECTOR
CHRISTMAS DAY - JULOTTA
ACCORDING TO SWEDISH-LUTHERAN CUSTOM CHURCH SERVICES WERE HELD ON
CHRISTMAS DAY AT 6:00 IN THE MORNING. JULOTTA IN SWEDISH MEANS
LITERALLY CHRISTMAS MORNING HOUR. THE CHURCH WAS DECORATED WITH
SPRUCE, CNADLES AND TWO LARGE GAILY CHRISTMAS TREES FOR JULOTTA.
Submitter comment: THE INFORMANT HAS MANY HAPPY MEMORIES OF CHRISTMAS JULOTTA SERVICES.
Where learned: HOME ; ROUTE 1 ; WRITTEN IN A LETTER ; BOX 121
Date learned: 03-28-1970
SONGS
ROMANIAN MEN AND BOYS GO ABOUT SINGING OF THE HOLY BIRTH
AND CARRY A GREAT WOODEN CROSS OR STAR. THE STAR IS COVERED
WITH LIVELY PAPER AND LITTLE TWINKLING BELLS.
Submitter comment:
INFORMANT NOTED THAT THIS IS STILL PRACTICED IN THE UNITED
STATES BY EASTERN ORTHODOX CANTORS (MEN WHO SING OR CHANT
RESPONSES TO THE PRIEST DURING A MASS). USUALLY A DONATION
IS GIVEN TO THEM BY EACH HOUSE IN THE PARISH AND THE MONEY IS
THEN GIVEN TO THE CHURCH. THE INFORMANT SAID THE STAR IS MERELY
DECORATED TO ADD TO THE FESTIVITIES.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; 10438 BONITA ; TOLD AT INFORMANTS HOME
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 10-20-1971
CHRISTMAS RELIGIOUS CUSTOM
THE MORAVIANS CELEBRATE WHAT IS CALLED A
"LOVE FEAST" AT CHRISTMAS TIME. RIGHT INSIDE
THEIR CHURCH EACH PERSON RECEIVES A CANDLE, SWEET
ROLL, AND CUP OF COFFEE.
Where learned: TOLD AT COLLECTORS HOME
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Menus CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 04-00-1970
CHRISTMAS - CUSTOM
THE POLISH EACH YEAR AT XMAS TAKE A BASKET
OF FOOD TO BE BLESSED BY THE PRIEST.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector share the same surname.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; TOLD AT COLLECTORS HOME ; 18054 PELKEY
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Christmas Season See F645.2 for Advent Season. CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 04-00-1970
FESTIVAL: PASTERKA
PASTERKA: THE NAME FOR THE SPECIAL MASS WITH POLISH HYMNS AND
LITURGY ON XMAS EVE.
Where learned: TOLD AT INFORMANT'S HOME
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 10-00-1968
IN A PROVINCIAL HOUSE FOR AN ORDER OF NUNS I KNOW, IT IS A CUSTOM
THAT ALL THE NUNS AND THEIR FRIENDS GATHER IN THE CHAPEL FOR MIDNIGHT
MASS ON CHRISTMAS EVE. AT COMMUNION TIME, THE ELDEST NUN IN THE
COMMUNITY HAS THE HONOR OF CARRYING UP THE CHALICE FOR THE MASS. THE
SECOND ELDEST NUN THEN CARRIES UP THE HOSTS, THE NEXT THE CRUCIFIX, THE
NEXT THE CRUETTS AND SO FORTH.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT ; 209 NORTH QUAD ; told in informant's room
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 03-27-1971
MASS OF THE ROOSTER
NINE DAYS BEFORE CHRISTMAS IN THE PHILIPPINES THERE IS SELLING OF
CAKES ON THE STREETS. THEN, ON CHRISTMAS EVE THE FAMILY HAS A BIG
DINNER LIKE OUR THANKSGIVING DINNER. AT 4 O'CLOCK IN THE MORNING
THE PEOPLE GO TO THE MASS OF THE ROOSTER WHICH IS MASS AT 4:00 IN
THE MORNING. AFTER MASS THERE ARE TRUCKS WHICH HAVE BANDS ON THEM
AND PLAY CHRISTMAS CAROLS FOR THE PEOPLE.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F121 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Songs, caroling CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 11-00-1970
POLISH CHRISTMAS CUSTOMS
CHRISTMAS IS A BELOVED HOLIDAY FOR THE POLISH PEOPLE. BEGINNING AT
SUNDOWN, THE FAMILY SITS DOWN TO THE EVENING MEAL. THIS MEAL IS
MEATLESS AND CONSISTS OF NINE COURSES. WHEN THE FIRST EVENING STAR
APPEARS THE MEAL BEGINS. STRAW IS PLACED UNDERNEATH A WHITE
TABLECLOTH TO SIGNIFY CHRIST'S BIRTH IN A MANGER. A CHRISTMAS WAFER
CALLED "OPLATEK" IS SHARED WITH EACH MEMBER OF THE FAMILY BEGINNING
WITH THE FATHER. GOOD HEALTH, GOD'S BLESSINGS AND JOY IS EXTENDED
TO ALL. THIS COMPLETED, THE MEAL BEGINS. THE SOUP IS CREAMED
MUSHROOM. FOLLOWING WE HAVE PIEROGI (DUMPLINGS) WITH CABBAGE OR
POTATO AND CHEESE. WE ALSO HAVE A VARIETY OF FISH. COLD HERRING,
FISH IN GELATIN (GALARECIE), BAKED FISH, RYE BREAD AND SAUR KRAUT
PREPARED WITH MUSHROOMS. COFFEE AND BABKA FOR DESERT. AFTER THE
PEOPLE RETURN FROM MIDNIGHT MASS THEY BRING OUT THE BAKED HAM AND
HOMEMADE KIELBASA WHICH EVERY GOOD POLAK MAKES HIMSELF AND THEY EAT,
DRINK AND MAKE MERRY.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector share the same surname.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; informant's home ; 25940 MADISON CT, S. ; St. Clair Shores
Keyword(s): ABSTINENCE FROM MEAT ; FOOD CUSTOM
Date learned: 11-01-1971
CHRISTMAS CELEBRATION IN LITHUANIA IS VERY ELABORATE. ON CHRISTMAS
EVE, THE TABLE IS SET WITH A WHITE TABLECLOTH, 12 KINDS OF PREPARED
FISH AND IN THE CENTER--A HANDFUL OF STRAW UNDER THE TABLECLOTH, AND
DIRECTLY ON THAT, "PLOTKELES". "PLOTKELES" IS SIMILAR TO COMMUNION,
ONLY SQUARE, A PIECE OF SIZEABLE SIZE (MOSTLY 6 BY 4 INCHES). IN
LITHUANIAN, IT IS CALLED "KRISTAUS LAISKAS"--CHRIST'S LETTER. IT IS
A LETTER ANNOUNCING HIS BIRTH AND THAT HE WILL SAVE US.
WHEN EVERYONE IS SEATED, THEY SAY A PRAYER AND THEN, THE FATHER TAKES
ONE OF THE "LETTERS", HANDS IT TO THE MOTHER WHO BREAKS OFF A PIECE,
THEN TO THE NEXT OLDEST, ETC...SO ON DOWN THE LINE. THEN THE MOTHER
LETS EVERYONE BREAK OFF A PIECE FROM HER PIECE AND SO ON...
AFTER THE PASSING AROUND OF THE LETTER, THE EATING STARTS. THIS IS
THE ONE TIME THAT WE ARE NOT ALLOWED, BY LITHUANIAN CUSTOM, TO EAT
MEAT. WE PREPARE FISH 12 DIFFERENT WAYS: SMOKED HERRING, PICKLED
HERRING, WHITE FISH, OR ANY OTHER KINDS OF FISH. FISH AND VEGETABLES,
AS MUCH AS WE WANT--FOR DURING THE DAY WE ARE NOT SUPPOSED
TO EAT ANYTHING AT ALL. THERE ARE TO BE 12 VARIATIONS OF EACH FOOD:
12 FISH, 12 VEGETABLES, 12 FRUIT, 12 CAKES.
AFTER THE FISH AND VEGETABLES, THEN STARTS THE FRUITS AND SWEETS.
MOST OF THE CAKES ARE HOME BAKED, THE FRUITS MADE INTO A PUNCH OR A
FRUIT-BOWL.
TO FINISH OFF THE MEAL, THERE ARE THE TRADITIONAL "SLIZIKAI"--TASTE
JUST LIKE BREAD STICKS, ONLY THEY'RE SMALL AND ROUND. YOU PUT THEM
IN SWEET MILK (IN AMERICA--DILUTED PET MILK) AND THAT IS HOW YOU EAT
THEM.
AFTER DINNER, THERE ARE THE PRESENTS OPENING AND AFTER THAT, TIME TO
GO TO CHURCH.
WHEN YOU FIRST WALK INTO THE CHURCH, EVERYTHING IS TOTALLY DARK.
BUT AT EXACTLY MIDNIGHT--ALL THE CANDLES ARE LIT, THE CHIMES AND BELLS
START RINGING, AND THE CONGREGATION BEGINS TO SING. THERE IS A
PROCESSION AROUND THE CHURCH 3 TIMES; THEN THE PROCESSION OF THE
PRIEST, ALTAR BOYS AND GIRLS (THROW FLOWER PETALS IN FRONT OF THE
PRIEST) STOP IN FRONT OF THE CHURCH'S CRIB AND BEGIN TO PRAY. HE
PRAYS FOR THE POPE, THE PRIESTS AND NUNS, FOR THE PEOPLE , AND FOR
THE LITHUANIAN NATION (IN AMERICA, SO THAT THEIR FREEDOM WILL BE
RESTORED) (IN LITHUANIA AT THE PRESENT, THEY ARE UNABLE TO CELEBRATE
IN CHURCH). THEN HE BLESSES THE CONGREGATION WITH HOLY WATER AND THE
MASS BEGINS.
CHRISTMAS DAY IS USUALLY THE VISITING DAY OF FRIENDS AND RELATIVES.
WHEN THE PEOPLE USED TO VISIT, THEY ALWAYS BROUGHT SOMETHING ALONG,
EITHER SOME CAKES, OR CANDY OR A BOTTLE OF WINE AND A LOAF OF BREAD.
IT WAS CONSIDERED A DISGRACE TO GO VISITING AND NOT BRING SOMETHING.
THE CELEBRATING USUALLY LASTED FOR 3 DAYS, BUT NOW--FOR ONLY 1 OR 2
DAYS.
Where learned: LOCATION NOT RECORDED
Keyword(s): ABSTINENCE FROM MEAT ; FOOD CUSTOM
Date learned: 03-25-1972
CHRISTMAS IS A BELOVED HOLIDAY FOR POLISH PEOPLE. BEGINNING AT
SUNDOWN THE FAMILY SITS DOWN TO THE EVENING MEAL. THIS MEAL IS
MEATLESS AND CONSISTS OF NINE COURSES. WHEN THE FIRST EVENING
STAR APPEARS THE MEAL BEGINS. STRAW IS PLACED UNDERNEATH
A WHITE TABLECLOTH TO SIGNIFY CHRIST'S BIRTH IN A MANGER. A
CHRISTMAS WAFER CALLED "OPLATEK" IS SHARED WITH EACH MEMBER
OF THE FAMILY BEGINNING WITH THE FATHER. GOOD HEALTH, GOD'S
BLESSINGS AND JOY IS EXTENDED TO ALL. THIS COMPLETED, THE MEAL
BEGINS. THE SOUP IS CREAMED MUSHROOM. FOLLOWING WE HAVE PIEROGI
(DUMPLINGS) WITH CABBAGE OR POTATO AND CHEESE. WE ALSO HAVE A
VARIETY OF FISH. COLD HERRING, FISH IN GELATIN (GALARECIE),
BAKED FISH, RYE BREAD AND SAUR KRAUT (SAUERKRAUT) PREPARED WITH
MUSHROOMS. COFFEE AND BABKA FOR DESERT. AFTER THE PEOPLE RETURN
FROM MIDNIGHT MASS THEY BRING OUT THE BAKED HAM AND HOMEMADE
KIELBASA WHICH EVERY GOOD POLACK MAKES HIMSELF AND THEY EAT, DRINK
AND MAKE MERRY.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; 25940 MADISON CT ; 48081 ; SAINT CLAIR SHORES
Keyword(s): ABSTINENCE FROM MEAT ; FOOD CUSTOM
Date learned: 11-10-1971
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
THE POLISH PEOPLE'S CUSTOM IS TO HAVE A COMPLETE FISH MEAL AT
CHRISTMAS TIME--LEAVE THE LEFTOVERS, DO NO DISHES AND UPON
RETURNING FROM MASS, THEY INDULGE AGAIN IN EATING AND DO THIS
UNTIL ALL FOOD HAS BEEN CONSUMED. THIS MEAL IS CONSIDERED TO BE
A HOLY MEAL AND ANY FOOD SERVED SHOULD NOT BE THROWN WAAY.
Submitter comment:
CHRISTMAS EVE
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: PENNSYLVANIA ; SCRANTON
Keyword(s): CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; FOOD ; holiday
| Subject headings: | 122 Christmas CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 04-00-1972
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
FOR MANY POLISH PEOPLE THE MIDNIGHT MASS ON CHRISTMAS EVE (DEC. 24)
IS FOLLOWED BY A BREAKFAST. THE FAMILY GETS TOGETHER FOR THIS
OCCASION. HOME BAKED SWEET BREAD AND FRESH SAUSAGE ARE EATEN AT
THIS BREAKFAST.
Submitter comment:
THE INFORMANT AND HER FAMILY PRACTICE THIS TRADITIONAL CUSTOM.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; 6090 MARTIN
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | 122 Christmas CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 11-05-1971
CHRISTMAS AND NEW YEARS CUSTOMS, POLISH
THE TRADITIONAL POLISH CELEBRATION OF CHRISTMAS BEGINS BY OBSERVING
THE ADVENT SEASON, AWAITING THE FESTIVE CHRISTMAS. THIS IS
CULMINATED AT THE VIGILIA MEAL, SERVED ON CHRISTMAS EVE. THIS IS
THE TRANSITION BETWEEN ADVENT AND THE DAY ON WHICH POLES COMMEMERATE
CHRIST'S BIRTH. THE WORD VIGILIA MEANS WATCHING AND THIS IS IN
EFFECT WHAT THE PARTICIPANTS DO. THE MENU INCLUDES HERRING, WHICH IS
THE MAIN COURSE. THIS IS EATEN WITH MILK SYMBOLIZING A BITTER-SWEET
TIME OF REPENTANCE AND AWAITED JOY. UPON THE CONCLUSION OF THE MEAL
THE CHRISTMAS WAFER (OPLATEK) IS BROKEN FIRST BY THE HEAD OF THE
HOUSEHOLD AND DISTRIBUTED TO MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY, THE OLDEST
RECEIVING HIS PORTION FIRST. EACH FAMILY MEMBER IN TURN BREAKS THE
WAFER WITH ANOTHER WISHING PEACE AND GOOD WILL TO ONE ANOTHER. THE
WAFER SYMBOLIZES THE BLESSINGS OF CHRIST THAT ARE HOPED TO BE
BESTOWED DURING THE COMING YEAR. FOLLOWING THE MEAL A SZOPKA MAY BE
PRESENTED. THIS IS A PUPPET SHOW RE-ENACTING "THE NATIVITY" AND IS
SHOWN IN A SPECIALLY BUILT, RICHLY ORNATE, WOODEN STAGE. IN THIS
WAY THE CHILDREN OF THE POLISH FAMILY COME TO UNDERSTAND THE TRUE
MEANING OF CHRISTMAS.
NO MORE ACTIVITY TAKES PLACE IN THE HOME. ITS MEMBERS ASSUME A
SOMBER CONDITION OF MIND AND DEPART FOR THE MIDNIGHT MASS. THIS MASS
IS THE TRADITIONAL PASTERKA IN WHICH THE SOLEMN TONE OF THE SEASON IS
HIGHLIGHTED BY THE SINGING OF KOLENDY OR POLISH NATIONAL CHRISTMAS
CAROLS. FOLLOWING MASS THE FAMILY RETURNS HOME AND EXCHANGE GIFTS.
NEW YEAR'S EVE IS NOT CELEBRATED AS A FESTIVE EVENT, BUT THE FEAST OF
THE THREE KINGS SYMBOLIZES THE END OF THE POLISH CHRISTMAS SEASON.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; 2664 HENDRIE ; DETROIT ; WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY LOUNGE
Date learned: 11-26-1970
CHRISTMAS EVE - CHRISTMAS DAY - MIDNIGHT MASS
IN CANADA THE FRENCH HAD THEIR CHRISTMAS MEAL RIGHT
AFTER MIDNIGHT MASS ABOUT TWO O'CLOCK IN THE MORNING. AFTER
THE MEAL ONE OF THE RELATIVES WOULD DRESS AS SANTA CLAUS AND
HAND OUT THE PRESENTS TO EACH PERSON INDIVIDUALLY. CHRISTMAS DAY
ITSELF WAS A TIME OF REST BECAUSE THEY GOT TO BED SO LATE
CHRISTMAS MORNING.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Date learned: 00-00-1968
OPTATKE (CHRISTMAS WAFER) [OPLATKI]
A POLISH CHRISTMAS TRADITION. ON THE VIGIL OF CHRISTMAS AT DINNER
THAT EVENING, THE HEAD OF THE HOUSEHOLD DISTRIBUTES BREAD-LIKE WAFERS
(OPTATKE) [OPLATKI], MADE BY SISTERS OF THE CHURCH. THEY ARE MADE LIKE THE
COMMUNION WAFER, AND BLESSED BY THE PRIEST. EACH MEMBER OF THE
FAMILY RECEIVES ONE, AND THE HEAD OF THE HOUSEHOLD SAYS A PRAYER
AND ASKS FOR GOD'S BLESSING. HE BREAKS HIS WAFER WITH EACH MEMBER,
AND THEY IN TURN BREAK IT WITH EACH MEMBER OF THE FAMILY.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector share same surname.
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve F122.82 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 09-30-1968