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CUSTOM

WHEN INFORMANT WAS LITTLE, A FAMILY
CUSTOM AT NEW YEAR'S WAS TO BE SURE THAT
SOMEONE--THE FIRST PERSON INTO THE HOUSE AFTER
MIDNIGHT--BROUGHT WITH HIM SOME BREAD
AND A BOTTLE OF WINE TO INSURE A FULL
CUPBOARD DURING THE COMING YEAR. IF NO ONE
WAS GOING TO BE OUT LATE, THE PROVISIONS
WERE LEFT OUT ON THE KITCHEN TABLE UNTIL
MORNING.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; ROYAL OAK

Keyword(s): GIFTGIVING ; HOMEOPATHIC MAGIC

Subject headings: 686 686.1
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- Fixed DateFor specific dates, use the following system: F640.0101
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20
BELIEF -- Measure of time Year

Date learned: 11-08-1967

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NEW YEAR'S CUSTOM

THE POLISH WRITE THE NEW YEAR ON THE INSIDE OF THE DOOR OF
THEIR HOUSE.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; RENO HALL ; DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- Fixed DateFor specific dates, use the following system: F640.0101
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20
BELIEF -- Measure of time Year
BELIEF -- Number

Date learned: 11-14-1968

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CHRISTMAS TREES-BAD LUCK

CHRISTMAS TREES MUST BE TAKEN DOWN BEFORE NEW YEARS DAY OR ELSE
BAD LUCK WILL BEFALL THE FAMILY IN THE COMING YEAR.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; 13557 ROSEMONT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Christmas tree
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- FOR

Date learned: 10-25-1968

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CHRISTMAS CUSTOM

BEGINNING THE DAY AFTER CHRISTMAS UNTIL THE FEAST OF THREE KINGS,
CHILDREN IN POLAND WOULD GO FROM HOUSE TO HOUSE CAROLING. THE OLDER
"KOLEDNIKI" WOULD DRESS AS ANGELS, DEVILS, MULES, ETC., AND THEY
USUALLY RECEIVE DONATIONS OF MONEY. THE YOUNGER ONES WOULD
USUALLY RECEIVE EITHER A SCOOP OF WHEAT, RYE OR OATS WHICH THEY WOULD
TAKE TO THE STORE AND REDEEM FOR MONEY.

Submitter comment: THE INFORMANT'S CHILDREN IN THEIR YOUTH DID PRACTICE THIS CUSTOM
IN THIS COUNTRY.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; 5678 TARNOW ST

Keyword(s): MUMMING

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- 39815
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- 39816
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 4
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 6 Twelfth Day Epiphany
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 26 Boxing Day St. Stephen's Day
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 28 Holy Innocents
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F123
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 31 New Year's Eve
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Songs, caroling

Date learned: 02-07-1971

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CHRISTMAS AND NEW YEARS CUSTOMS, POLISH

THE TRADITIONAL POLISH CELEBRATION OF CHRISTMAS BEGINS BY OBSERVING
THE ADVENT SEASON, AWAITING THE FESTIVE CHRISTMAS. THIS IS
CULMINATED AT THE VIGILIA MEAL, SERVED ON CHRISTMAS EVE. THIS IS
THE TRANSITION BETWEEN ADVENT AND THE DAY ON WHICH POLES COMMEMERATE
CHRIST'S BIRTH. THE WORD VIGILIA MEANS WATCHING AND THIS IS IN
EFFECT WHAT THE PARTICIPANTS DO. THE MENU INCLUDES HERRING, WHICH IS
THE MAIN COURSE. THIS IS EATEN WITH MILK SYMBOLIZING A BITTER-SWEET
TIME OF REPENTANCE AND AWAITED JOY. UPON THE CONCLUSION OF THE MEAL
THE CHRISTMAS WAFER (OPLATEK) IS BROKEN FIRST BY THE HEAD OF THE
HOUSEHOLD AND DISTRIBUTED TO MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY, THE OLDEST
RECEIVING HIS PORTION FIRST. EACH FAMILY MEMBER IN TURN BREAKS THE
WAFER WITH ANOTHER WISHING PEACE AND GOOD WILL TO ONE ANOTHER. THE
WAFER SYMBOLIZES THE BLESSINGS OF CHRIST THAT ARE HOPED TO BE
BESTOWED DURING THE COMING YEAR. FOLLOWING THE MEAL A SZOPKA MAY BE
PRESENTED. THIS IS A PUPPET SHOW RE-ENACTING "THE NATIVITY" AND IS
SHOWN IN A SPECIALLY BUILT, RICHLY ORNATE, WOODEN STAGE. IN THIS
WAY THE CHILDREN OF THE POLISH FAMILY COME TO UNDERSTAND THE TRUE
MEANING OF CHRISTMAS.
NO MORE ACTIVITY TAKES PLACE IN THE HOME. ITS MEMBERS ASSUME A
SOMBER CONDITION OF MIND AND DEPART FOR THE MIDNIGHT MASS. THIS MASS
IS THE TRADITIONAL PASTERKA IN WHICH THE SOLEMN TONE OF THE SEASON IS
HIGHLIGHTED BY THE SINGING OF KOLENDY OR POLISH NATIONAL CHRISTMAS
CAROLS. FOLLOWING MASS THE FAMILY RETURNS HOME AND EXCHANGE GIFTS.
NEW YEAR'S EVE IS NOT CELEBRATED AS A FESTIVE EVENT, BUT THE FEAST OF
THE THREE KINGS SYMBOLIZES THE END OF THE POLISH CHRISTMAS SEASON.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; 2664 HENDRIE ; DETROIT ; WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY LOUNGE

Subject headings: 122 Christmas
645 645.2
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 6 Twelfth Day Epiphany
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve F122.82
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Manger scenes
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Gifts, gift giving at Christmas
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Songs, caroling
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church

Date learned: 11-26-1970

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CHRISTMAS AND NEW YEARS CUSTOMS IN SCOTLAND

THERE IS MUCH REVELRY IN SCOTLAND AT HOGMANY (NEW YEAR) AND LITTLE
FESTIVITY AT CHRISTMAS. THE ORIGINS OF THIS PRACTICE ARE NOT AS
HEATHENISH AS THEY MIGHT FIRST APPEAR. SCOTLAND WAS ONE OF THE
FORTIFICATIONS OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION AND THE REFORMERS WERE
APPALLED AT THE CARNIVAL ATMOSPHERE THAT PERVADED THE CELEBRATION OF
CHRISTMAS. AS A RESULT, THE FESTIVITIES WERE PUSHED AHEAD ONE WEEK
AND CHRISTMAS CELEBRATED WITH MORE SOLEMNITY. UP UNTIL THE END OF
WORLD WAR 2 IT WAS UNUSUAL FOR WORKING MEN TO GET A DAY OFF FOR CHRISTMAS.
INSTEAD, SEVERAL DAYS HOLIDAY WERE GIVEN AT NEW YEAR'S.

Where learned: AT WORK

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122

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FRENCH CUSTOMS FOR CHRISTMAS AND NEW YEARS

ON CHRISTMAS DAY THE FAMILY ATTENDED CHURCH TO OBSERVE CHRIST'S
BIRTH, THEN JUST HAD A REGULAR DINNER AT HOME. NEW YEARS WAS THE
DAY ON WHICH THERE WAS A GOOD DEAL OF CELEBRATION. ON ARISING IN
THE MORNING, THE CHILDREN WOULD TRY TO BE FIRST TO ASK THEIR FATHER
FORGIVENESS FOR THE THINGS THEY DID WRONG DURING THE YEAR. HE WOULD
THEN FORGIVE THEM, PREACH TO THEM, AND ASK THEM TO DO BETTER. AFTER
THIS EVERYONE WOULD GET THEIR PRESENTS AND ENJOY THE DAY WITH
RELATIVES AND FRIENDS.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church

Date learned: NOT RECORDED BY THE COLLECTOR

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POLISH CHRISTMAS CUSTOM

BETWEEN CHRISTMAS AND JANUARY 6 (THE OFFICIAL FEAST DAY OF THE
WISEMEN), POLISH PEOPLE, IN ORDER TO CELEBRATE THE VISITION OF THE
WISEMEN TO CHRIST, CHALK THE FRONT DOORS OF THEIR HOMES WITH THE
LETTERS K, M, AND B. THESE INITIALS SIGNIFY THE NAMES OF THE MAGI:
KASPAR, MELCHIOR, AND BALTHASAR. THE INITIALS ARE ALSO A SIGN OF THE
POLISH FAMILY'S WELCOMING ANY VISITORS WHO WISH TO STOP IN DURING THE
THE CHRISTMAS SEASON. ALSO BETWEEN CHRISTMAS AND JAN. 6, FIVE OR SIX
MEN DRESS UP IN WISEMAN COSTUMES AND PARADE DOWN THE STREETS. THEY
USUALLY CARRY THE HEAD OF A BEAR CARVED OUT OF WOOD. THIS HEAD IS
MOUNTED ON A LONG STICK AND HELD UP BY ONE OF THE MEN. THE LOWER
CHIN OF THE BEAR HEAD IS MOVABLE AND CONTROLLED BY PULLING A STRING.
THE MOVEMENT OF THE LOWER CHIN CAUSES A CLAPPING SOUND WHICH ATTRACTS
THE ATTENTION OF THE PEOPLE AND CHILDREN ON THE STREET. THESE
COSTUMED PARADERS GO FROM HOME TO HOME ALONG THEIR ROUTE COLLECTING
GROCERIES AND LIQUORS. THESE IMPROMPTU ACTORS DO THIS TO GET ALL
THE PEOPLE IN THE CHRISTMAS SPIRIT.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; WARREN

Keyword(s): EPIPHANY

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- 39815
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- 39816
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 4
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 5
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 6 Twelfth Day Epiphany
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 26 Boxing Day St. Stephen's Day
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 28 Holy Innocents
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F123
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 31 New Year's Eve

Date learned: 10-11-1969

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EPIPHANY

AMONG THE MINNESOTA SWEDES OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY FROM CHRISTMAS
DAY ONWARD A ROUND OF DINNER PARTIES OF RELATIVES AND FRIENDS WAS
ATTENDED UNTIL EPIPHANY OR THE 12TH DAY ENDED THE SEASON'S
FESTIVITIES.

Where learned: HOME ; ROUTE 1 ; WRITTEN IN A LETTER ; BOX 121

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- 39815
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- 39816
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 4
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 5
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 6 Twelfth Day Epiphany
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 26 Boxing Day St. Stephen's Day
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 28 Holy Innocents
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F122
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- F123
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 31 New Year's Eve

Date learned: 03-28-1970

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NEW YEAR'S CUSTOM

YOU SHOULD NEVER EAT CHICKEN ON NEW YEAR'S BECAUSE THE CHICKEN
SCRATCHES DIRT BACKWARDS WHEN IT WALKS. ON NEW YEAR'S YOU SHOULD
BE LOOKING FORWARD NOT BACKWARD.

Submitter comment: JOFRAN LEARNED THIS FROM HER FATHER.
HOMEOPATHIC

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT ; CAMPUS

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
BELIEF -- Bird

Date learned: CA00001968

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NEW YEAR CUSTOM

JUMP THE HIGHEST YOU CAN TO GROW TALLER.

Submitter comment: HOMEOPATHIC MAGIC

Where learned: PHILIPPINES ; MAKATI

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20

Date learned: 00001960S

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ON NEW YEAR'S DAY, CLIMB THE HIGHEST STEP OF THE STAIR CASE THAT YOU
CAN JUMP FROM AND JUMP DOWN TO THE FLOOR SO THAT YOU WILL GROW TALL.

Submitter comment: THIS IS A FILIPINO BELIEF.
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF HOMEOPATHIC MAGIC.

Where learned: UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
BELIEF -- Means of Causing or Avoiding Illness

Date learned: 11-21-1977

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ON NEW YEAR'S DAY YOU ARE SUPPOSE TO COOK IN ALL YOUR POTS IN
YOUR HOUSE FOR GOOD LUCK.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
BELIEF -- Good luck

Date learned: 02-27-1979

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NEW YEAR'S DAY

ON NEW YEAR'S DAY IN SCOTLAND THE FIRST FOOT TO CROSS THE DOOR
USUALLY BRINGS A PIECE OF COAL, A PIECE OF BREAD, AND A BOTTLE OF
WHISKEY. THE COAL SYMBOLIZES WARMTH, THE BREAD SYMBOLIZES HAVING
FOOD IN THE HOUSE, AND THE WHISKEY SYMBOLIZES HAVING GOOD CHEER.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; WYANDOTTE

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's

Date learned: 00-00-1978

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NEW YEAR'S DAY

ON NEW YEAR'S DAY THE FIRST PERSON TO STEP INTO THE HOUSE IS CALLED
THE "FIRST FOOTER, AND THEY BRING A PIECE OF COAL WITH THEM TO
BRING GOOD LUCK TO THE HOUSEHOLD.

Submitter comment: THIS IS VERY SIMILAR TO THE ITEM ABOVE, THEY ARE BOTH FROM SCOTLAND
AND, I BELIEVE THAT ONE HAS ITS ROOTS IN THE OTHER.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; WYANDOTTE

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
BELIEF -- Good luck

Date learned: 03-00-1979

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NEW YEAR'S DAY

HOLDING A SILVER DOLLAR IN YOUR HAND AND EATING A HERRING TO WELCOME
IN THE NEW YEAR, MEANS THAT YOU WILL NEVER BE BROKE OR HUNGRY.

Submitter comment: IF YOU DO NOT LIKE HERRING, THEN YOU ARE OUT OF LUCK.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; WYANDOTTE

James Callow Keyword(s): COIN MONEY ; HOMEOPATHIC

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
Food Drink -- Typical menus for the various meals For meal hours, see F574.84. Special or festive meals
BELIEF -- Mineral

Date learned: 00-00-1978

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NEW YEAR'S DAY

BETTER TO WASH CLOTHES ON NEW YEAR'S THAN DURING THAT WEEK.
IT BRINGS IN GOOD LUCK.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
BELIEF -- Measure of time Working
BELIEF -- Good luck

Date learned: 03-00-1979

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NEW YEAR'S DAY

GOOD LUCK FOR A MAN TO ENTER THE HOUSE FIRST ON NEW YEAR'S DAY.
BAD LUCK FOR A WOMAN TO ENTER THE HOUSE FIRST ON NEW YEAR'S DAY.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: 686 Properties attributed to specific numbers or numerals individually.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
BELIEF -- Bad luck

Date learned: 03-00-1979

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SUPERSTITION

WEAR WHITE UNDERWEAR ON THE FIRST OF THE YEAR TO BE
PROTECTED FROM EVIL SPIRITS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR.

Submitter comment: WHITE, AS THE SIGN OF RIGHTEOUSNESS CAN NOT BE
TOLERATED BY EVIL SPIRITS, ACCORDING TO THE INFORMANT.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT ; LOUNGE

Subject headings: Favorites
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
ART CRAFT ARCHITECTURE -- Dress Overall body coverUpper body and arms
BELIEF -- Devil Demon
BELIEF -- Measure of time Year
BELIEF -- Color

Date learned: 02-22-1979

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