Dr. James T. Callow publications
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The James T. Callow Folklore Archive
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CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
AT CHRISTMAS TIME, THE CHURCH ORGANIST OF ST. PETER & PAUL
SELLS A SMALL WAFER CALLED OPLATIKA. THEY ARE SQUARE
AND TASTE LIKE A COMMUNION TYPE HOST. AFTER MIDNIGHT MASS,
THE FAMILIES HAVE A DINNER AT WHICH EVERYONE IN THE FAMILY
BREAKS OFF A PIECE AND EATS IT.
Submitter comment:
[St. Peter & Paul is a] Roman Catholic [church.]
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; informant's home
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM ; ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 11-02-1969
CHRISTMAS DAY
IN POLISH FAMILIES BEFORE EVERYBODY STARTS EATING, THE HEAD OF
THE FAMILY PASSES BREAD AROUND TO EVERYBODY WHICH HAS BEEN BLESSED
BY THE PRIEST OF THEIR CHURCH.
Where learned: UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; RENO HALL
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church |
Date learned: 11-14-1968
SHARING BREAD
ONE OF THE CUSTOMS OF THE POLISH PEOPLE AT CHRISTMAS TIME
WAS TO SHARE BREAD (MADE OF FLOUR AND WATER) WITH HONEY. THE
FATHER WOULD START BY GIVING HIS WIFE A PIECE OF HIS BREAD AND
AT THE SAME TIME WISHING HER A MERRY CHRISTMAS. THEN EACH CHILD
WOULD FOLLOW ACCORDING TO AGE. THEN THE WIFE WOULD GO
THROUGH THE SAME PROCEDURE.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector share the same surname.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki |
Date learned: 00-00-1968
AT CHRISTMASTIME OR AT OTHER BIG
GATHERINGS, SOME UNLEAVEN BREAD IN
SHEETS IS ON THE TABLE. WHEN A
PERSON WALKS UP TO YOU WITH A
SHEET AND WISHES YOU VARIOUS
BENEFICIAL THINGS, YOU BREAK OFF
A PIECE OF BREAD FOR EACH WISH AND
EAT IT. THIS IS DONE IN POLISH COMMUNITIES.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; HOLDEN HALL ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki |
Date learned: 11-00-1967
POLISH CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
AT CHRISTMAS TIME MANY POLISH PEOPLE
GATHER TOGETHER AT A PARTY. EVERYONE HAS A
BLESSED WAFER MADE OF OPWATKI. TWO PEOPLE
BREAK A PIECE OFF EACH OTHER'S WAFER, EAT IT, AND
WISH EACH OTHER GOOD LUCK.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM ; OPLATKI
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki |
Date learned: 11-00-1968
POLISH CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
BEFORE DINNER EVERYONE HAS A PIECE OF A
WAFER SIMILAR TO THE COMMUNION WAFER.
THIS WAFER MAY BE WHITE, PINK, OR BLUE AND
USUALLY HAS AN IMPRINT OF THE NAVITY
SCENE, THE THREE WISE MEN, OR THE SHEPHERDS
ON IT. EVERYBODY TAKES A PIECE OF EACH
OTHER'S WAFER AND WISHES THEM HEALTH,
HAPPINESS, AND A MERRY CHRISTMAS.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector are the same person.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki |
Date learned: DATE NOT RECORDED BY COLLECTOR.
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
AMONG THE LITHUANIANS, THERE IS A TRADITIONAL MEAL ON THE
EVE OF CHRISTMAS. ON THE FIRST SUNDAY OF ADVENT (FOUR WEEKS
BEFORE CHRISTMAS) THE LOCAL PRIEST WOULD VISIT EVERY HOUSE
FOR A YEARLY VISITATION. AT THAT TIME HE WOULD GIVE EVERY
FAMILY A PIECE OF UNLEAVENED BREAD, RESEMBLING THE HOST USED
AT MASS. THIS BREAD WOULD BE DECORATED WITH BRIGHT COLORS AND
WITH SCENES OF THE NATIVITY. THIS BREAD WAS TO BE SAVED FOR
THIS CHRISTMAS EVE MEAL. THE PEOPLE WOULD GIVE THE PRIEST
A DONATION FOR THIS PLOTKA. ALONG WITH THE PLOTKA, SOLE
AND FISH WERE ALSO SERVED. THE DESERT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT
PART. EXTRAVAGANT DESERTS WERE SERVED, WHICH WOULD NORMALLY
NOT BE SERVED AT ANY OTHER TIME (E.G. GOATS MILK WITH POPPY
SEEDS.)
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Oplatki |
Date learned: 09-23-1971
CHRISTMAS COFFEECAKE
THERE IS A GERMAN COFFEECAKE MADE EVERY YEAR AT THE CHRISTMAS
SEASON. IT IS CALLED KRANTZ WHICH MEANS "WREATH". IT IS SHAPED
LIKE A WREATH, WITH THE DOUGH TWISTED TOGETHER.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: OAKLAND UNIVERSITY
Keyword(s): Cake ; CHRISTMAS ; Coffee ; CUSTOM ; ETHNIC ; FOOD ; GERMAN ; holiday ; tradition ; Wreath
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: NOT RECORDED
"XMAS (CHRISTMAS) BREAD"
ON CHRISTMAS YOU MAKE A LOAF OF BREAD WITH A COIN IN IT, THE
PERSON WHO GETS THE PIECE OF BREAD WITH THE COIN IN IT HAS
LUCK FOR THE REST OF THE YEAR.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): BREAD ; CHRISTMAS ; COIN ; CUSTOM ; FOOD ; holiday ; LUCK ; MONEY ; tradition
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Predictions CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: 11-17-1969
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
MOST ARMENIAN FAMILIES HAVE MANY DIFFERENT PASTRIES IN THEIR
HOMES DURING CHRISTMAS. THESE PASTRIES INCLUDE BAKLAVA (A HONEY
AND NUT PASTRY) AND A WHITE COOKIE WITH FLOUR OVER IT.
Submitter comment:
INFORMANT HAS SEEN THESE FOODS IN ARMENIAN HOMES TODAY.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): Armenian ; Baklava ; CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; ETHNIC ; FOOD ; holiday ; PASTRY ; tradition
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: 11-01-1971
RECIPE
RECIPE FOR SOUR CREAM YEAST DOUGH FOR KOLACH
2 CUPS DAIRY SOUR CREAM
2 PKG DRY YEAST (FLEASCHMANN'S)
1/2 CUP WARM WATER (105-115)
1/4 CUP MARGARINE
1/3 CUP SUGAR
2 TSP. SALT
2 EGGS
ABOUT 6 CUPS OF FLOUR
HEAT SOUR CREAM OVER LOW HEAT UNTIL LUKEWARM. DISSOLVE YEAST
IN WATER IN LARGE MIXING BOWL. ADD WARM SOUR CREAM, MARGARINE,
SUGAR, SALT, EGGS, AND 2 CUPS OF THE FLOUR, BEAT UNTIL SMOOTH.
STIR IN REMAINING FLOUR UNTIL DOUGH CLEANS SIDE OF THE BOWL.
KNEAD DOUGH ON WELL FLOURED BOARD UNTIL SMOOTH, ABOUT 10 MIN.
PLACE IN GREASED BOWL, TURNING ONCE TO BRING GREASED SIDE UP.
COVER, LET RISE IN WARM PLACE (85) ABOUT 1 HOUR, OR UNTIL DOUGH
IS DOUBLE. PUNCH DOWN DOUGH, DIVIDE INTO 3 PARTS ROLL INTO
RECTANGLE 14 BY 9 INCHES, SPREAD WITH BUTTER, ADD WALNUT
FILLING (ALSO CANNED MILK) (SEE RECIPE) ROLL, PUT INTO GREASED
CAKE PAN, BRUSH WITH BEATEN EGG,
LET RISE, BAKE 350-375 DEGREES FOR
ABOUT 20 MINUTES.
Submitter comment:
I PERSONALLY KNOW THAT THIS RECIPE HAS BEEN HANDED DOWN FOR
FOUR GENERATIONS AND PERHAPS MORE THAN THAT. IT ORIGINATED IN
YUGOSLAVIA WHERE MY GRANDMOTHER WAS BORN. THIS IS ONLY MADE
AT CHRISTMAS TIME.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: HOME
Keyword(s): CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; Dough ; FOOD ; holiday ; RECIPE ; Yugoslavia
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: 11-14-1971
FESTIVAL
MANY HOUSEHOLDS, INCLUDING OURS, KEEP FRUIT CAKE ON HAND FOR THE
XMAS (CHRISTMAS) SEASON.
Submitter comment:
CHILDHOOD
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DEARBORN
Keyword(s): Cake ; CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; FESTIVAL ; FOOD ; FRUIT ; Fruitcake ; holiday ; tradition
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: NOT RECORDED
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM
PEOPLE MAKE SPECIAL CAKES AND PLUM PUDDINGS IN MALTA AT CHRISTMAS
TIME. THEY GIVE THESE AWAY AS GIFTS SINCE THEIR CHRISTMAS IS NOT AS
COMMERCIAL AS IN THE U.S.A.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): Cake ; CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; FOOD ; GIFTS ; Malta ; Pudding ; tradition
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Gifts, gift giving at Christmas |
Date learned: 03-08-1970
TRADITIONAL CHRISTMAS CUSTOM ; CHRISTMAS BREAD
IT WAS TRADITIONAL TO BAKE CHRISTMAS BREAD. IT IS A RICH, ROUND,
VARIETY. IT IS SHAPED LIKE A WREATH WITH A FIGURE OF THE BABY JESUS.
ALSO WITH THIS LOAF ARE THE KEYS TO THE HOUSE, THE HAT OF THE
MAN OF THE HOUSE, A TABLE CLOTH AND HOLY WATER.
Submitter comment:
THESE ITEMS WERE LEFT OVER THE NIGHT. SLOVAKIAN CUSTOM.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Keyword(s): CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; FOOD ; holiday ; Slovakian
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: NOT RECORDED
LOKSHA--ETHNIC FOOD--CHRISTMAS
LOKSHA IS UNLEAVENED BREAD MADE INTO ROUND BALLS AND
BAKED UNTIL DRY AND HARD. THEN THE BALLS ARE SOAKED IN A POPPY SEED
AND HONEY SYRUP FOR SEVERAL DAYS UNTIL SOFT.
Submitter comment:
THIS IS SERVED DURING THE CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; GROSSE ILE
Keyword(s): CHRISTMAS ; CUSTOM ; FOOD ; holiday ; tradition
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: 10-28-1970
CARTELATTE
IT IS THE CUSTOM IN SOME ITALIAN HOUSEHOLDS TO MAKE A SPECIAL
KIND OF PASTRY AT CHRISTMAS TIME CALLED CARTELATTE. THE ENTIRE
FAMILY USUALLY PARTICIPATES IN THIS PROCESS. DOUGH IS FLATTENED
VERY THIN, THEN FRIED UNTIL CRISP. IT CAN BE COVERED WITH
HONEY AND SUGAR.
Submitter comment:
THE INFORMANT'S FAMILY MAKES THIS EVERY CHRISTMAS.
Data entry tech comment:
Updated by TRD
Where learned: NEW YORK ; FRANKLINVILLE
Keyword(s): CUSTOM ; FOOD ; holiday ; tradition
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Pastry |
Date learned: NOT RECORDED
CHRISTMAS NIGHT (EVE)
ON CHRISTMAS NIGHT (EVE) IN IRELAND, CANDLES ARE LIT AND PUT ON THE
WINDOWS. THE FATHER OF THE FAMILY LEADS THE CHILDREN, FOLLOWED BY
THE MOTHER, INTO EACH ROOM TO LIGHT THE CANDLES. THE ROSARY IS
RECITED DURING THE PROCESSION, AND PRAYERS ARE SAID FOR THE DEAD, THE
LIVING AND "THE BORN TO BE." THEN FOOD IS LEFT ON THE KITCHEN TABLE
BECAUSE JESUS, MARY AND JOSEPH MAY DROP IN DURING THE NIGHT FOR
SOMETHING TO EAT. THE KITCHEN DOOR IS LEFT OPEN ALL NIGHT TO RECEIVE
THEM OR ANY OTHER TRAVELER WHO MAY NEED LODGING FOR THE NIGHT.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve Christmas CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Lights and candles |
Date learned: 11-00-1970
A CUSTOM PERFORMED BY MY GRANDPARENTS WAS THIS:
ON CHRISTMAS EVE THEY WOULD COVER THE DINNER TABLE WITH HAY.
THEY WOULD HAVE 7 OR 9 DISHES OF FOOD TO EAT. THERE COULD NEVER BE
AN EVEN NUMBER OF DISHES OF FOOD. AFTER THEY ATE THEY
WOULD LEAVE EVERTHING ON THE TABLE UNTIL THE NEXT DAY. THEN
THEY WOULD PICK UP THE HAY AND FEED IT TO THE CATTLE IN
THE BARN. NEXT THEY WOULD LOOK FOR ANY GRAIN THAT MAY HAVE
BEEN LEFT ON THE TABLE. THESE SEEDS SOMETIMES BECOME MIXED WITH
THE HAY. IF THERE WERE SOME GRAIN SEEDS FOUND ON THE TABLE THE
GRAIN CROP FOR THE NEXT YEAR WOULD BE GOOD.
Where learned: LOCATION NOT RECORDED BY COLLECTOR
Keyword(s): FOOD
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve F122.2 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve Christmas CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Straw |
Date learned: 11-15-1969
CHRISTMAS
ON CHRISTMAS EVE, FATHER OF HOUSEHOLD
MUST FEED ALL THE LIVESTOCK THE BEST
FOOD, BECAUSE IT IS BELIEVED THAT
THAT NIGHT LIVESTOCK CAN SPEAK, AND SO
MIGHT COMPLAIN TO GOD.
Submitter comment:
INFORMANT LEARNED THIS FROM PARENTS.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector share same surname.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): ANIMALS ; FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve F122.4 CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Straw |
Date learned: 11-17-1967
CHRISTMAS
AFTER SUPPER ON CHRISTMAS EVE,
THE MOTHER TAKES 3 TABLESPOONS
OF EACH FOOD ON THE TABLE, AND
PLACES THEM IN A DISH FOR THE
SPIRITS OF THE DECEASED IN THE
FAMILY.
Submitter comment:
INFORMANT LEARNED THIS FROM RELATIVES IN UKRAINE.
Data entry tech comment:
Informant and collector share same surname.
Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT
Keyword(s): FOOD CUSTOM
| Subject headings: | CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve Christmas CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Straw |
Date learned: 11-19-1967