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KISS OF PEACE: ON CHRISTMAS DAY, KISS EVERYONE IN THE
FAMILY--A SYMBOL OF PEACE AND GOOD LUCK IN THE FAMILY.

Submitter comment: SHE LEARNED THIS FROM HER MOTHER AND IT IS STILL
PRACTICED IN HER FAMILY.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; MADISON HEIGHTS

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
BELIEF -- Good luck

Date learned: 12-01-1967

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SLOVAK CHRISTMAS CUSTOM

ON CHRISTMAS DAY THE YOUNG CHILDREN WOULD GO CAROLLING.
EACH CARRIES AN APPLE. THEN THEY WOULD INSERT THE
COINS THEY COLLECTED INTO THE APPLE.

Where learned: OHIO ; CLEVELAND

Subject headings: Favorites
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
Food Drink -- Food

Date learned: 00001967 FALL

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ON CHRISTMAS MORNING, IF YOU SAW SOMEONE AND SAID
"CHRISTMAS GIFT" BEFORE THEY DID, THEN THEY HAD TO
GIVE YOU A PRESENT.

Where learned: WORK

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Gifts, gift giving at Christmas

Date learned: 12-02-1967

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ON CHRISTMAS WE ALWAYS WENT TO THREE MASSES. THE FIRST
WAS MIDNIGHT MASS, THEN THE SHEPHERDS MASS AND USUALLY
THE OTHER MASS WAS CHRISTMAS MORNING.

Submitter comment: PRACTICED AS A GIRL AT HOME.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church

Date learned: 03-10-1967

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UNTIL SHE WAS MARRIED, THE INFORMANT, AS DID THE REST OF
HER FAMILY, CELEBRATED CHRISTMAS AT HER AUNT'S HOUSE.

Submitter comment: THE INFORMANT LEARNED IT FROM HER PARENTS.

Where learned: HOME

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.

Date learned: 11-00-1967

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EVERY YEAR, SINCE THEY HAVE LIVED IN THE SUBURBS, THE
PARENTS HAVE HUNG HOMEMADE STOCKINGS ON THEIR CHILDREN'S
DOORS. WHEN CHRISTMAS COMES, THE STOCKINGS ARE FULL OF
GOODIES. THIS STEMS FROM AN OLDER TRADITION OF THEIRS:
HANGING HOMEMADE STOCKINGS ON THE FIREPLACE. HOWEVER,
SINCE THEY NOW HAVE NO FIREPLACE IN THEIR NEW HOME,
THEY HANG THEM ON THE DOORS INSTEAD.

Submitter comment: THE INFORMANT LEARNED OF IT THROUGH HER PARENTS.

Where learned: HOME

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Stockings and shoes

Date learned: 11-00-1967

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EVERY CHRISTMAS, THE FAMILY GOES TO MIDNIGHT MASS, AS THEY
HAVE FOR TWO GENERATIONS. THEN THEY GO TO THEIR UNCLE'S
HOUSE AND HAVE A TURKEY DINNER THAT IS PREPARED WITH A
HOMEMADE STUFFING.

Submitter comment: THE INFORMANT LEARNED IT FROM HIS PARENTS.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Church

Date learned: 11-00-1967

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CANDLES ARE LIT IN THE WINDOW TO LIGHT THE WAY OF MARY
AND JOSEPH.

Submitter comment: FROM FAMILY WHEN YOUNG.

Where learned: NOT GIVEN

Keyword(s): SYMBOL

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20 Lights and candles

Date learned: 11-26-1967

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DURING THE CHRISTMAS SEASON THE DOORS ARE LEFT
UNLATCHED AND FOOD IS LEFT OUT FOR MARY AND JOSEPH.

Submitter comment: FROM HER MOTHER.

Where learned: NONE GIVEN

Keyword(s): SYMBOL

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20
Food Drink -- Food

Date learned: 11-26-1967

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PLACING STRAW UNDER THE DINNER TABLE WILL INSURE THAT
EVERYONE IN THE FAMILY WILL GO TO HEAVEN.

Submitter comment: SHE HEARD THIS FROM HER MOTHER AND PRACTICES THIS
CUSTOM.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; MADISON HEIGHTS

Subject headings: Prediction / Divination
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.

Date learned: 12-01-1967

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WEATHER PROVERB--CHRISTMASTIME

POLISH: JAK NA BOZE NARODZENIE PO WODZIE,
TO NA WILKANOC PO LODZIE.
ENGLISH: IF AT CHRISTMAS YOU'RE GOING OVER WATER,
THEN ON EASTER IT WILL BE OVER ICE.
IF IT'S A WARM WINTER, PLAN ON A COLD SPRING.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: Prediction / Divination
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- Spring Planting Easter Season
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- Spring Planting Palm Sunday

Date learned: 02-07-1971

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ON THE DAY AFTER CHRISTMAS, THE CHILDREN THROW NUTS AT
PEOPLE. THIS DAY IS ST. STEPHAN'S DAY, THE FIRST
MARTYR OF THE CHURCH WHO WAS STONED TO DEATH.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; TAYLOR

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 26 Boxing Day St. Stephen's Day
Food Drink -- Plant food Nut

Date learned: 11-27-1967

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ON ST. STEPHEN'S DAY, IN COUNTY KERRY, IRELAND, THE MEN
AND BOYS OF THE COUNTY PERFORM AN UNUSUAL SERIES OF
RITES IN ORDER TO RAISE MONEY FOR A DANCE. THEY CATCH
A LIVE WREN, DRESS IT WITH FANCY RIBBONS, AND TIE IT
TO THE BRANCH OF A TREE CALLED "THE FURZE." THEN THIS
GROUP OF MEN AND BOYS GO AROUND TO EACH HOME IN THE
COUNTY WITH THE WREN IN HAND. THEY SHOW THE POOR WREN
TRAPPED ON THE TREE TO THE PEOPLE IN THE HOME, WHILE AT
THE SAME TIME RECITING THIS POEM:
THE WREN, THE WREN, KING OF ALL BIRDS,
ST. STEPHEN'S DAY HE WAS CAUGHT ON THE FURZE;
THE FURZE WAS DRY AND SO WAS I.
A COUPLE OF PENCE WILL MAKE ME FLY.

UP WITH THE KETTLE AND UP WITH THE PANS,
GIVE US OUR ANSWER AND WE'LL BE GONE.
MONEY WOULD THEN BE COLLECTED FROM THE PEOPLE IN THE HOME
FOR A BIG DANCE THAT EVENING. ANYONE WHO DONATED COULD
GO TO THE DANCE FREE.

Submitter comment: THIS CUSTOM WAS PRACTICED ANNUALLY BY THE PEOPLE OF
COUNTY KERRY, IRELAND. MR. SULLIVAN FIRST LEARNED OF
THIS PRACTICE APPROXIMATELY FORTY YEARS AGO.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; IRELAND ; COUNTY KERRY

Subject headings: Favorites
Ballad Song Dance Game Music Verse -- Festival C436.1226
Ballad Song Dance Game Music Verse -- Custom Festival C840.1226
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 26 Boxing Day St. Stephen's Day

Date learned: 12-29-1963 ; 00-00-1943

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BEFORE CHRISTMAS

IN GERMANY IT IS THE CUSTOM TO HAVE A WREATH WITH FOUR
RED CANDLES PLACED IN THE CENTER OF THE TABLE AND ONE CANDLE
IS BURNED EACH SUNDAY FOR FOUR SUNDAYS BEFORE CHRISTMAS.
ON CHRISTMAS ALL FOUR CANDLES ARE LIGHTED.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT ; DETROIT

Keyword(s): ADVENT

Subject headings: 645 September 23 Equinox to December 20
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.

Date learned: 12-00-1967

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ST. STEPHEN'S DAY -- DECEMBER 26

ST. STEVEN'S (SIC) DAY WAS A MEMORABLE DAY IN IRELAND. IT'S
SOMETHING LIKE OUR HALLOWEEN, ONLY ADULTS AND TEENS PARTICIPATED
IN IT. THEY CAME TO EVERY HOUSE AND SANG:
THE WREN, THE WREN, THE KING OF ALL THE BIRDS,
ST. STEVEN'S DAY HE WAS CAUGHT IN THE FURZE.
ALTHOUGH HE IS LITTLE, HIS FAMILY IS GREAT.
I PRAY YOU YOUNG LADY TO GIVE US A TRAIT (TREAT)
SING HOLLY, SING WY, SING WY, SING HOLLY
TO KEEP A BAD CHRISTMAS IT IS BUT A FOLLY
FOR CHRISTMAS COMES BUT ONCE A YEAR
AND WHEN IT COMES IT BRINGS GOOD CHEER.
THE PEOPLE OFTEN CARRIED WRENS THAT THEY CAUGHT THE DAY BEFORE
ON A STICK AS THEY WENT FROM HOUSE TO HOUSE THAT NIGHT.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; IRELAND

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 26 Boxing Day St. Stephen's Day

Date learned: 11-18-1970

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WEATHER PROVERB--CHRISTMASTIME

POLISH: JAK NA BOZE NARODZENIE PO WODZIE,
TO NA WILKANOC PO LODZIE.
ENGLISH: IF AT CHRISTMAS YOU'RE GOING OVER WATER,
THEN ON EASTER IT WILL BE OVER ICE.
IF IT'S A WARM WINTER, PLAN ON A COLD SPRING.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: Prediction / Divination
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- Spring Planting Easter Season
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- Spring Planting Palm Sunday

Date learned: 02-07-1971

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GOOD LUCK NUT

NUTS ARE PLACED IN DISHES AS PART OF THE CHRISTMAS
FEAST CELEBRATION IN BULGARIA. EVERYONE IN THE
HOUSEHOLD RETAINS ONE TO BE SAVED UNTIL NEW YEAR'S
DAY. EVERYONE THEN BREAKS OPEN THEIR NUT AND THE
CONDITION OF THE INTERIOR INDICATES THE OWNER'S
FUTURE FOR THE COMING YEAR. A SOUND NUT MEAT
INDICATES PROSPERITY FOR ITS OWNER, WHILE A ROTTEN IN-
TERIOR SAYS THE COMING YEAR WILL NOT BE GOOD FOR
ITS OWNER.

Submitter comment: INFORMANT REMEMBERS THIS AS A COMMON PRACTICE OF
HIS FAMILY IN BULGARIA.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT ; BULGARIA

Subject headings: Favorites
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- January 1 New Year's
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 25 Christmas Also see F642, below.
Food Drink -- Plant food Nut
BELIEF -- Use of Object Food

Date learned: 03-21-1970

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AT CHRISTMAS EVE SUPPER, A CANDLE IS LIT. IF THE
SMOKE GOES UP, ALL THOSE SEATED AT THE TABLE WILL
BE BACK THE FOLLOWING YEAR. IF THE SMOKE GOES
TOWARD A DOOR, ONE OF THE GUESTS WILL DIE BEFORE
NEXT CHRISTMAS EVE.

Where learned: LETTER

Subject headings: CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 21 solstice to March 20
BELIEF -- Use of Object Occasions Events

Date learned: 03-08-1970

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AFTER THE CHRISTMAS EVE SUPPER, UKRAINIAN UNMARRIED
GIRLS TAKE SPOONS AND HIT THEM TOGETHER OUTDOORS.
FROM WHICHEVER SIDE A DOG BARKS FIRST, FROM THENCE
HER FUTURE HUSBAND WILL COME.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; WARREN

Subject headings: 862 Use of object for determining future spouse
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve

Date learned: 10-00-1970

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AN OLD CUSTOM PRACTICED BY FEW UKRAINIANS TODAY,
CONCERNS UNMARRIED WOMEN RATTLING THE UNWASHED
SPOONS FROM THE CHRISTMAS EVE MEAL. THESE WOMEN
WOULD GO OUTSIDE AND RATTLE THEIR SPOONS UNTIL THEY
HEARD A DOG BARK. THE DIRECTION OF THE BARK WOULD
BE WHERE THEIR FIANCES WOULD BE FROM.

Where learned: MICHIGAN ; DETROIT

Subject headings: 862 Use of object for determining future spouse
CUSTOM FESTIVAL -- December 24 Christmas Eve

Date learned: 09-22-1969

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