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Subtitle: The Thirty-Ninth Congress.

Title: Anglo-African - December 23, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Anglo-African (1863 - 1865)

The writer comments on the proceedings of the first session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress. Debate about laws and civil rights for the newly freed slaves after Reconstruction made this session an important one.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: New York, November 11, 1865. Reconstruction.

Title: Anglo-African - November 11, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Anglo-African (1863 - 1865)

The writer offers his views regarding the current governmental ideas on Reconstruction after the Civil War. He tells his readers that he speaks for all African Americans in saying that the country should work towards ensuring freedom for all and providing all American people with the rights of citizenship regardless of color.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: Emancipation Proclamation Ignored, And a New Scheme of Southern Despotism Boldly Initiated.

Title: Anglo-African - September 3, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Anglo-African (1863 - 1865)

The writer tells his readers of the current violence following in the aftermath of the Civil War. Although slavery has been abolished, it has created an atmosphere of hatred in the Southern states as the newly freed slaves stand as a symbol of the defeat of the Confederacy. This is resulting in wholesale murder and mob violence.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: The Southern Field and the Proper Agents.

Title: Anglo-African - September 9, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Anglo-African (1863 - 1865)

The writer explains that African Americans from the northern states are traveling south to offer education to the newly freed slaves. This action, he believes, is more beneficial to them than the good intentions of white educators who may unconsciously instill a feeling of inferiority and low self-esteem to those they teach. These well-intentioned white teachers in referring to newly freed slaves as "poor unfortunate creatures" are already assuming that the rescue of those they consider less than human.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: The Result of the Union State Convention.

Title: Elevator - August 25, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Elevator (1865 - 18??)

The writer gives detailed commentary on a recent political convention.

Description of file(s): three scanned newspaper pages (five columns)

Subtitle: The Senatorial Contest.

Title: Elevator - August 4, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Elevator (1865 - 18??)

The writer discusses the upcoming senatorial election and where candidates stand on issues important to African Americans.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: Indorsement on Our Position on the Suffrage Question.

Title: Elevator - July 28, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Elevator (1865 - 18??)

The writer accuses several California and Nevada newspapers of traitorous reporting in their views regarding the rights of African Americans.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: A Brief Review.

Title: Elevator - July 28, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Elevator (1865 - 18??)

The writer expresses the concerns of all African Americans that the country may return to slavery. He notes that each day newspapers report problems and issues resulting from the freeing of the slaves. His fears are not that the southern states may reinstate slavery but that this time the northern states may initiate the system to solve racial issues.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: The Duties of the Nation.

Title: Elevator - May 19, 1865

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Elevator (1865 - 18??)

Now that the nation has mourned the death of Abraham Lincoln the focus of American attention turns to Reconstruction and the question of rights for the newly freed slaves.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Title: Frances Ellen Watkins Harper

Speaker or author: Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, 1825-1911.

Newspaper or publication: Liberator

Overview of speech emphasizing the speaker's concerns regarding national government policy on Reconstruction following the Civil War.

Description of file(s): PDF 2 page, 547 word document (text and images)

Title: Frances Ellen Watkins Harper

Speaker or author: Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, 1825-1911.

Newspaper or publication: Liberator

Overview of speech expressing concern regarding the direction and motivation of Reconstruction efforts under the guidance of President Andrew Johnson.

Description of file(s): PDF 2 page, 598 word document (text and images)

Title: Francis Ellen Watkins Harper

Speaker or author: Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, 1825-1911.

Newspaper or publication: Christian Recorder (1852 - 1856)

Brief overview of speech expressing concerns over the direction of national policy after the Civil War and during Reconstruction.

Description of file(s): PDF 1 page, 203 word document (text and image)

Title: William Wells Brown

Speaker or author: Brown, William Wells, 1814?-1884

Newspaper or publication: Liberator

The speaker expresses his concern that the promises made by Abraham Lincoln and the freeing of the slaves would not be realized. He urges the abolitionists to continue fighting for freedom and suffrage. (Includes MP3 audio file.)

Description of file(s): PDF 2 page, 580 word document (text and images)

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