Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898
Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection
Lengthy speech justifying the idea of colonization based on evangelization of Africa. The speaker believed that this was the divine duty of the Negro race since Africa was their spiritual home. The speaker presented a history of Africa and slavery to provide a basis for his reasoning.
Description of file(s): PDF 38 page, 11,220 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898
Newspaper or publication: New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection
The speaker stressed the history, benefit, and continued need of missionary work in Africa. He emphasized the work of Jewish, Baptist, Episcopalian, Catholic, Evangelical, Presbyterian and Protestant missionaries.
Description of file(s): PDF 19 page, 5,354 word document (text and images)
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Title: Anglo-African - September 3, 1865
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Anglo-African (1863 - 1865)
The writer offers an overview of the situation in the British West Indies after emancipation. Although the feared violence never manifested, the growing tension between the newly freed slaves and former slave-owners was more pronounced than previously believed.
Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column
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Title: Colored American - December 25, 1841
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The writer relates a recent incident in which slaves aboard a ship bound to New Orleans from Virginia took over the ship and escaped to Great Britain.
Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column
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Title: Colored American - May 2, 1840
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The editor explains the reasons for the negative stance that the Colored American is taking on immigration to Trinidad, Guiana, and the British West Indies.
Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages
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Title: Colored American - May 8, 1841
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The writer responds to a negative article in another newspaper regarding the conditions in the West Indies after emancipation.
Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page
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Title: Colored American - November 13, 1841
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The writer comments on a pamphlet published by a woman who recently returned from Jamaica. The writer of the pamphlet, along with the American Consul and the editor of the Liberator newspaper all agree that immigrating to the West Indies is an unwise choice for African Americans.
Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page
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Title: Colored American - November 16, 1839
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The writer compares and contrasts voluntary immigration to the western states and various other countries with the restrictions and demands of Colonization. While voluntary immigration can be useful to a society, scheme's like Colonization work against it.
Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages
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Title: Colored American - November 7, 1840
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The writer updates his readers on the current state of Jamaica after emancipation of the West Indies. The feared violence from the freed slaves has not manifested and what may be needed now is a Savings Bank to hold their new found wealth. He adds that people who have immigrated to Trinidad are not doing as well.
Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page
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Title: Colored American - September 26, 1840
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)
The writer shares with his readers an announcement from the Queen of England commending the peaceful and cooperative emancipation efforts taking place in Jamaica and the West Indies.
Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page
Speaker or author: Garnet, Henry Highland, 1815-1882
Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862)
Lively and debated speech in which the speaker defended his position on the colonization of Africa by free people of color. The speaker was for Colonization, but felt that his position on this effort had been misunderstood. (This speech is continued in speech 21063 and these two speeches are combined here.)
Description of file(s): PDF 26 page, 6,279 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Johnson, Henry W., abolitionist
Newspaper or publication: Frederick Douglass' Paper
Speech denouncing the motivation behind the American Colonization Society and the Fugitive Slave Bill. The speaker stressing the irony that the U.S. will welcome fleeing Hungarian refugees to its shores but does not provide a welcome to the refugees of slavery who already reside here.
Description of file(s): PDF 24 page, 2,934 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Pennington, James W. C.
Newspaper or publication: Christian News
Review of a speech calling for unconditional emancipation of slaves in the U.S. in similar fashion to the way slaves were freed in Egypt. The speaker disagreed with the idea of financial compensation of the slaveholders for each freed slave.
Description of file(s): PDF 4 page, 1,100 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Pennington, James W. C.
Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- Connecticut Historical Society -- Pamphlets
The speaker approached the subject of emancipation on the anniversary of the abolition of slavery in the British West Indies. He traced the history of emancipation from the 1700's, and emphasized through example the clever ways some slave holders continued the system without calling it slavery.
Description of file(s): PDF 16 page, 4,467 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: White, Jacob C., d. 1872
Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862)
Speech given during the celebration of the August 1st anniversary of the emancipation of the British West Indies. The speaker praised this action, although some have seen it as a failure and the ruin of Jamaica.
Description of file(s): PDF 4 page, 854 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Beman, Jehiel C.
Newspaper or publication: Emancipator
Speech given during the celebration of the August 1st anniversary of the emancipation of the British West Indies, with emphasis placed on the continued slavery of millions of human beings in the U.S. (Includes MP3 audio file.)
Description of file(s): PDF 1 page, 254 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Rock, John S. (John Sweat), 1825-1866
Newspaper or publication: Liberator
Speech delivered during a celebration of the August 1st anniversary of the emancipation of the British West Indies. The speaker noted that it was only a matter of time before the U.S. would also abolish slavery. He stressed the challenges of prejudice, lack of education and unemployment that lay ahead for African Americans when slavery is abolished in the U. S.
Description of file(s): PDF 11 page, 3,267 word document (text and images)
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Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Pacific Appeal (1862 - 188?)
The writer reports on a recent election in Victoria, Virgin Islands.
Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column
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Title: Provincial Freeman - February 14, 1857
Speaker or author: C.
Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)
The writer relates the current status of American filibuster [William] Walker in Nicaragua. President Mora of Costa Rica offered free steamship passage out of Central America to anyone who would desert Walker's ranks. The situation with Walker and his army is now dire.
Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)
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Title: Provincial Freeman - July 1, 1854
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)
The writer expresses his opinion of a circular he received calling for people of African descent living in Canada to work in the British West Indies. He believes this is another immigration scheme created by those who suppose these people are not smart enough to stay where they are.
Description of file(s): four scanned, two columned, newspaper pages
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Title: Provincial Freeman - May 16, 1857
Speaker or author: editor
Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)
As the Young Men's Christian Association establishes itself in Canada, the writer wonders aloud how this organization with its emphasis on brotherhood will receive those of African descent. The writer then focuses on the influence of Christianity and the Church on racial prejudice that is increasing in Canada.
Description of file(s): three scanned newspaper pages (five columns)
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Title: Provincial Freeman - November 25, 1854
Speaker or author: S.
Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)
The writer comments on an article from another publication announcing the opening of a new school and the availability of training for new teachers. The writer wonders if the man mentioned in this article is the same man who previously had advocated teaching and missionary work in Africa.
Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page
Speaker or author: Campbell, Robert, of the Niger Valley Exploring Party
Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862)
Speech encouraging young African American men to consider settling in Africa. The speaker's message is subtle and couched in terms of exploration and racial pride.
Description of file(s): PDF 2 page, 288 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Gordon, Robert
Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- Institute of Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica -- Anti-Slavery Pamphlets
Sermon delivered in London to celebrate the August 1st anniversary of the emancipation of the British West Indies. The speaker gave a history of slavery in the U.S., compared this with the enslaving of the Jews in the Biblical era, and praised Great Britain for its progressive stance on abolishing slavery.
Description of file(s): PDF 21 page, 7,356 word document (text and images)
Speaker or author: Purvis, Robert, 1810-1898
Newspaper or publication: Liberator
Speech denouncing governmental bias towards prejudical action in the U.S., the colonization of Africa, and the overall injustices that continue to be suffred by African Americans. The speaker emphasized the Dred Scott decision and the establishment of the Fugitive Slave Law.
Description of file(s): PDF 14 page, 3,959 word document (text and images)