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Subtitle: The American Citizen--Canada Mission--Ourself.

Title: Colored American - April 10, 1841

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

The writer replies to an article in the American Citizen newspaper indicating that fugitives are being aided in their escape to Canada. He says that the belief that African Americans who succeed in other countries will reflect positively on those left in the U.S. is just another scam to realize the goals of Colonization. He wonders why it's necessary for African Americans to leave their home country to show their own worth when they can do this now where they are.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: Liberia.

Title: Colored American - December 15, 1838

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

The writer comments on the goal of Christian missionaries to "Christianize" Africa and thus help to establish a "civilized" colony there. This work currently includes the purchase of a ship for colonizationn purposes.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Liberia News.

Title: Colored American - December 8, 1838

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

The writer comments on a letter published in another newspaper from a missionary in Africa who says that the American slave should feel glad to be living as he/she does since their lot is far better than the African native. The missionary asserts that the slave-trade has been of benefit to Africa. The writer contends that it is more accurate to compare Americans with Americans (white to black) than to assume that since the free African American's ancestry is in Africa that his life in this country should be compared to the native Africans now.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: News From Liberia. Missions and Murder.

Title: Colored American - June 6, 1840

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

The writer comments on a report published in another newspaper describing hostile events taking place in Libera, Africa.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Emigration of Colored People to Canada.

Title: Colored American - November 18, 1837

Speaker or author: Ray, Charles B. (Charles Bennett), 1807-1886

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

The writer notes that most African Americans are immigrating to Canada to find relief from prejudice and unemployment. He urges them instead to immigrate to Wisconsin, which is currently being settled. Land there is inexpensive, the territory is beautiful, and people live together harmoniously.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Subtitle: Later from Liberia.

Title: Colored American - October 2, 1841

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

The writer briefly reports on recent events in Liberia, Africa.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: Visit to Toronto, Canada.

Title: Frederick Douglass' Paper - August 18, 1854

Speaker or author: Watkins, William J.

Newspaper or publication: Frederick Douglass' Paper (1851 - 18??)

The writer comments briefly on his visit to Toronto, Canada and the work being done there on behalf of its black citizens.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Frederick Douglass for Congress!

Title: Frederick Douglass' Paper, June 23, 1854

Speaker or author: Watkins, William J.

Newspaper or publication: Frederick Douglass' Paper (1851 - 18??)

The writer comments on a rumor that Frederick Douglass will run for Congress.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Begging for Fugitives in Canada.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 14, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer laments the continued perception among the Canadian public that people of African descent are unable to care for themselves. The automatic assumption that these people must be clothed, fed, and sheltered is degrading to the race.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: Speeches of Mr. Dall of Canada, and Mr. Remond of the United States, on the 1st of August, at Abington, Massachusetts.

Title: Provincial Freeman - August 19, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer offers his opinions of the views of two anti-slavery lecturers. This is mainly a critique of the opinons of Mr. Dall on the future success of people of African descent living in Canada.

Description of file(s): four scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: Mrs. Douglass on Amalgamation.

Title: Provincial Freeman - December 16, 1854

Speaker or author: S.

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer comments on an article by Mrs. Douglass' (possibly Sarah Douglass) that blames the problems of race relationships in the U.S. on amalgamation, the mixing of races through what she believes is illicit behavior. The writer notes that Mrs. Douglass assumes that if a man and woman are of different races that there couldn't possibly be love involved; one must be the victim of the other. Her article implies that people of African descent are too inferior to even be considered worthy of love from their white fellow human beings. The writer notes that this idea detracts from the real problem which is the system of slavery itself.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: Frederick Douglass' Paper.

Title: Provincial Freeman - February 7, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer comments briefly on the recent change in the size of Frederick Douglass' Paper.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: African Civilization Society of Canada.

Title: Provincial Freeman - January 29, 1859

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer tells his readers that the question of "African civilization" is divided among two groups in Canada. One argues that civilizing Africa will put an end to the slave trade once and for all; the other is totally against anything that even sounds like immigration (or Colonization).

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: The Circular Calling upon Fugitives from Canada for West India Labours.

Title: Provincial Freeman - July 1, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer expresses his opinion of a circular he received calling for people of African descent living in Canada to work in the British West Indies. He believes this is another immigration scheme created by those who suppose these people are not smart enough to stay where they are.

Description of file(s): four scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: Annexation of Canada.

Title: Provincial Freeman - July 1, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer shares an article published in a Virginia newspaper about the idea of annexaction of Canada. He tells his readers that this article does more harm than good in its attempt to explain the political position of Canadians on this subject.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Canada -- Liberia -- H. Ford Douglass -- Provincial Freeman -- Mary A. Shadd.

Title: Provincial Freeman - July 19, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer underscores the benefits of the Provincial Freeman newspaper and publications like it in helping to promote justice and freedom among those of African descent. (Partially illegible; best copy available.)

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages (partially illegible)

Subtitle: The Colored Men of Canada and the Eastern War.

Title: Provincial Freeman - June 16, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer briefly comments on the Crimean war.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: Removal of the 'Freeman' to Chatham.

Title: Provincial Freeman - June 23, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer tells his readers that the newspaper may relocate to another city. He offers various reasons to justify this possible move.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: A Bazaar for the Provincial Freeman.

Title: Provincial Freeman - June 3, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer comments on the custom of holding Bazaars which contribute to the support of Canadian anti-slavery movements and newspapers such as the Provincial Freeman.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: A Bazaar in Toronto for "Frederick Douglass' Paper," &c.

Title: Provincial Freeman - June 3, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer questions the motivation behind the organizing of an upcoming bazaar to help the anti-slavery movement and newspapers in Canada. He wonders why an anti-slavery society in New York would want to benefit immigrants living in Canada.

Subtitle: Mrs. H. B. Stowe's Visit to Canada.

Title: Provincial Freeman - June 7, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer discusses rumors of an upcoming visit by author H. B. Stowe. He believes those who would make a profit off the condition of fugitive slaves in Canada are using this visit as a money making scheme.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: The Extension of the Freeman.

Title: Provincial Freeman - March 1, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The editor encourages his readers to continue their subscriptions. He emphasizes the importance of increasing the number of subscribers in order for the newspaper to continue publication.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: Relations of Canada to American Slavery.

Title: Provincial Freeman - March 24, 1853

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer discusses the role of Canada in U.S. efforts to capture runaway slaves. Since Canada is a British province, and since there are no slaves on British soil, slaves are not considered fugitives once they cross into Canada. He emphasizes the problems this relationship creates between the two countries.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: To The Patrons of the "Freeman."

Title: Provincial Freeman - November 25, 1856

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

In an open letter to readers, the writer briefly describes the current business condition of the newspaper, and asks subscribers to please send in their funds.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: United States and Canada -- a Parallel.

Title: Provincial Freeman - October 13, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The author makes a comparison between the authority in the U.S. government of the "slave power," and the similar authority the Canadian government has given to the Roman Catholic Church.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

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