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Title: "A Colored Female"

Speaker or author: Anonymous

Newspaper or publication: Liberator

Speech given by an anonymous speaker at the Female Minervian Association on the moral and social improvement of freed slaves, encouraging them to assist those who are still enslaved.

Description of file(s): PDF 2 page, 316 word document (text and images)

Title: Abner H. Francis

Speaker or author: Francis, Abner H.

Newspaper or publication: North Star

Speech delivered to celebrate the anniversary of the emancipation of the British West Indies. The speaker recounted the history of slavery, the successes of those who had overcome slavery in the past, and the potential of those abolitionists who he believes will abolish slavery forever after.

Description of file(s): PDF 17 page, 4,145 word document (text and images)

Title: Abner H. Francis

Speaker or author: Francis, Abner H.

Newspaper or publication: Impartial Citizen

Speech given during the presentation of a silver pitcher to Gerrit Smith from the Colored Ladies of Buffalo, New York, to honor his work to abolish slavery.

Description of file(s): PDF 4 page, 920 word document (text and images)

Title: Abner H. Francis

Speaker or author: Francis, Abner H.

Newspaper or publication: North Star

Eulogy for John Quincy Adams stressing the high points and low points of his career. The speaker compared the state of the country to the Roman Empire in its last days.

Description of file(s): PDF 19 page, 4,143 word document (text and images)

Title: Abraham D. Shadd

Speaker or author: Shadd, Abraham D.

Newspaper or publication: Colored American (1837 - 1842)

Speech given on the anniversary of the emancipation of the British West Indies stressing the political implications of this and the continued slavery in the U.S.

Description of file(s): PDF 10 page, 2,565 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: AD Draft -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

-- Copyright Permission Granted September 2007 -- Handwritten notes for speech regarding the speaker's idea that the colonization of Africa is part of God's plan. The speaker emphasized the potential for a quality life there doing God's work.

Description of file(s): PDF 8 page, 1,412 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: African Repository

Lengthy speech published in two issues of the African Repository newspaper (combined here into one speech). The speaker noted the similarities between the enslaved people in the U.S. and those enslaved in Israel and Egypt in ancient times. The speaker believed colonization of Africa offered the way to freedom. He emphasized the positive aspects of the new colonies in Monrovia and Liberia.

Description of file(s): PDF 13 page, 5,353 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Anti-Slavery Reporter

Speech given during the annual meeting of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society attended mostly by members of the Society of Friends. The speaker describes the progress and successes of the abolition movement throughout the world.

Description of file(s): PDF 11 page, 4,506 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Lengthy speech given during a celebration held in honor of a battle the colonists fought with native Africans in December, 1822. The focus of the speech was on the responsibilities of the founding fathers in establishing the moral, ethical, and social regulations of a new colony like Monrovia in Africa. He emphasized that what the founding fathers establish now would affect the citizens of these colonies for generations to come. It is important, then, to lay a positive foundation now. (this speech is combined with speech 27949 and published as speech number 27139)

Description of file(s): PDF 22 page, 9,150 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Lengthy and eloquent eulogy on the life and character of Thomas Clarkson. The speaker spoke about Clarkson's early years, his struggles, and his accomplishments. He included the history of slavery, the current situation with the slaves and freed people of color, and his hopes and beliefs in a positive future.

Description of file(s): PDF 60 page, 17,894 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Patriot

The speaker expressed opposition to the recently passed Fugitive Slave law and emphasized that slavery was a "...disposition on the part of the strong and selfish to use and employ the weak and miserable part of creation as their own instruments...." The speaker felt that the only remedy for this situation was to improve and elevate the condition of the race. He believed that a type of colonization of Africa based in missionary work was the answer, although he expressed that this was not related to a scheme to remove the race from the U.S. as some believed.

Description of file(s): PDF 3 page, 936 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Lengthy speech on the importance of the English language to civilization and the success of the newly emerging society in Liberia. The speaker praised the literary history of the English language, emphasizing the importance of education in this area.

Description of file(s): PDF 36 page, 12,785 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: AD -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

-- Copyright Permission Granted September 2007 -- Handwritten sermon on spiritual improvement for the people of color with a strong emphasis on Christian moral ethics.

Description of file(s): PDF 10 page, 3,138 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Non Conformist

Brief speech regarding the effect the American cotton growers and their slave labor have on the world economy. The speaker called for Britain to stop buying and using products produced with slave labor. (Speech 09789 is a duplicate of this speech.)

Description of file(s): PDF 3 page, 614 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Lengthy sermon regarding the important role of God and religion in government. The speaker addressed issues of slavery and society throughout the history of the world.

Description of file(s): PDF 21 page, 5,823 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Overview of speech regarding the conditions of African Americans given before an English audience. The speaker stressed the appeal of England to those of African descent.

Description of file(s): PDF 4 page, 1,635 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

The speaker stressed the history, benefit, and continued need of missionary work in Africa. He emphasized the work of Jewish, Baptist, Episcopalian, Catholic, Evangelical, Presbyterian and Protestant missionaries.

Description of file(s): PDF 19 page, 5,354 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: African Repository

The speaker encouraged immigration to Liberia for former slaves. He emphasized the future potential awaiting free African Americans in Africa that would not only benefit the country, but benefit the race.

Description of file(s): PDF 1 page, 276 word document (text and image)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: African Repository

Overview of speech regarding the benefits of living in Liberia. The speaker painted a picture of a booming civilization with natural abundance and potential for economy growth and prosperity.

Description of file(s): PDF 3 page, 1,020 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: African Repository

The speaker stressed the benefits of immigration to Liberia by free African Americans. He emphasized the potential for riches, quality education, and peaceful freedom that were available in Liberia.

Description of file(s): PDF 2 page, 550 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Lengthy speech describing the current situation in the new colony of Monrovia in Liberia, Africa. The speaker emphasized the positive aspects of an abundance of natural resources, a freedom based society and a just government available there. (speech 23971 is a duplicate of this speech)

Description of file(s): PDF 16 page, 4,524 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: ADS -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Handwritten eulogy given after the death of Thomas Sipkins Sidney with a detailed account of Sidney's life and accomplishments.

Description of file(s): PDF 34 page, 9,475 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Liberator

The speaker expressed his joy at the progress being made through emancipation in the U. S., and welcomed any African American interested in moving to Liberia to teach and/or add benefit to the continent of Africa.

Description of file(s): PDF 4 page, 999 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- New York Public Library -- Schomburg Collection

Lengthy speech justifying the idea of colonization based on evangelization of Africa. The speaker believed that this was the divine duty of the Negro race since Africa was their spiritual home. The speaker presented a history of Africa and slavery to provide a basis for his reasoning.

Description of file(s): PDF 38 page, 11,220 word document (text and images)

Title: Alexander Crummell

Speaker or author: Crummell, Alexander, 1819-1898

Newspaper or publication: African Repository

Lengthy speech describing the current conditions in Africa, the new colony in Monrovia and in Liberia. The speaker emphasized the abundance of natural resources, the stability of the freedom based government, and the availability of education to everyone. (Speech 24099 is a duplicate of this speech. Speech 24140 offers another version of this speech.)

Description of file(s): PDF 13 page, 5,852 word document (text and images)

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