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Subtitle: What we Want.

Title: Mirror of the Times - August 22, 1857

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Mirror of the Times (1857 - 1862)

The writer expresses to his readers that while things seem to be prosperous for African Americans living in California, there are no laws in place to protect them. He adds that there is also always the potential for laws that limit African Americans even further. He urges his readers to pay close attention to political action in their state.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper columns (two pages)

Subtitle: Politics.

Title: Provincial Freeman - 1858

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

[Copyright permission granted August 2007.] The writer tells her readers that the newspaper usually remains independent in its political reporting, but that there's a vast difference between being independent and being neutral. She expresses a brief opinion of the current political atmosphere in the U.S.

Description of file(s): three scanned, two columned, handwritten pages

Subtitle: Dumas Literary Society.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 12, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer gives a brief overview of an unruly meeting he attended of the Dumas Literary Society.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: The Buxton Settlement.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 12, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer offers a brief overview of the settlement of Buxton and the 140 families living there.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Negro Songs.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 14, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The editor comments on the debate about whether or not to allow children in Canadian public schools to sing what are considered "Negro Songs."

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: Begging for Fugitives in Canada.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 14, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer laments the continued perception among the Canadian public that people of African descent are unable to care for themselves. The automatic assumption that these people must be clothed, fed, and sheltered is degrading to the race.

Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages

Subtitle: A Word About, and to Emigrationists.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 15, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer shares a portion of a published opinion by John Mitchell on the idea of immigration for people of African descent currently living in Canada and the U.S.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page (portion missing)

Subtitle: The Rev. Dr. Duff.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 15, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer gives an overview of Reverend Duff's lecture regarding his missionary work in India.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: Rev. Wm. King.--The Buxton Settlement.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 15, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer describes the Elgin Settlement established by Reverend William King. This Christian community offers a way for people of African descent to live together in peace, harmony and prosperity.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 18, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer tells her readers that recently C. C. Foote of the Refugees Home Society has taken action to obtain property from two of the home's tenants.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 18, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer responds briefly to a letter the newspaper received from the Refugees Home. The letter indicates the humiliating treatment in the name of charity that C. C. Foote's is providing there. Fugitives arriving in Canada are looking for freedom and equality, not pity and handouts.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 18, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

From a source at the Refugee Home, the writer learns of a legal battle to obtain land for the Home from a deceased settler.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 19, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The editor gives a brief announcement of the arrival of Miss Amelia Freeman, an artist who is visiting Chatham.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Gaines' last Letter on "en masse" Emigration.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 21, 1855

Speaker or author: S.

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer comments on a letter regarding Canadian immigration of fugitive slaves written by Mr. Gaines, U.S. politician. He emphasizes the discrepancies in Mr. Gaines' thinking and political rhetoric.

Description of file(s): three scanned newspaper pages (five columns)

Subtitle: To Correspondents.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 22, 1854

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The editor offers an open letter to his readers explaining the criteria to use for submissions to the newspaper.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: The Things most Needed.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 25, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer tells her readers that what Canadian people of African descent really need is a good British education. What they don't need (or want) are the prejudices, slavery, charity, and politics of the United States.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: The "Raleigh Plains" Lands.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 25, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer alerts her readers to the likely disposal of land by the Canadian government to speculators since most of it is under water. This action would remove those who have settled there in hopes of establishing a homestead.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: "Jordan, is a Hard Road to Travel."

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 26, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer laments the fact that in order to escape the tyranny and injustice of the slave system in the United States, people are leaving the homes they love and immigrating to other countries.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: Colored men of the States.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 4, 1857

Speaker or author: S[hadd], I[saac] D.

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer discusses the current political climate in the U.S. and its effect on immigration to Canada.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: The Hon. Colonel Prince in Parliament.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 4, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer briefly comments on recent activity in Canadian Parliament.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: "Stealing the Livery of Heaven to Serve the Devil."

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 4, 1857

Speaker or author: Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, 1823-1893

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer responds to those who believe that the refugees from slavery who are arriving in her area are needing of aid and in a dire state. The assumption that those of African descent living in Canada are needy and barely surviving is insulting.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 5, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The editor stresses to his readers that the value of the newspaper is worth the cost of the subscription.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

Subtitle: The Slave Margaret.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 5, 1856

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer relates different versions of the fate of Margaret Garner, her baby, and those aboard the steamship Henry Lewis.

Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns)

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 7, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer briefly comments on a lecture delivered by Dr. Lewis regarding the current temperance laws in Maine.

Description of file(s): one scanned newspaper column

Subtitle: The Dawn Institute.

Title: Provincial Freeman - April 7, 1855

Speaker or author: editor

Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859)

The writer comments on a recent lecture regarding the management troubles of the Dawn Institute.

Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page

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